Peci

The Peci, also known as songkok or kopiah, is a cap that Muslim men in the Indonesian archipelago typically don. It resembles the Turkish-Egyptian fez quite a bit. Sukarno made the black velvet peci, which has secular nationalist overtones, the national headgear of Indonesia. Early 20th-century Indonesian nationalist movement activists donned a peci to express their nationalistic views and to display their Indonesian identity, including Sukarno, Muhammad Hatta, and Agus Salim. The official presidential dress for Indonesian male presidents always includes a peci.

Since that time, the black velvet peci has been recognized as the official national hat for Indonesian males. It is worn all around Indonesia, particularly by men (often Muslim men) and government officials. For men attending formal events, the peci is typically worn with a batik shirt or a western-style suit in Indonesia. Additionally, it is frequently worn on Islamic holy days. The peci is also regularly used by senior Muslim males throughout Indonesia, usually in Jakarta and by those who identify as Betawi natives. Additionally, it is a traditional headdress of the Betawi people as well as other ethnic groups, particularly in the predominantly Muslim western regions of Indonesia.